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Class 7, 8Medium📐 grammarNCERT · CBSE

Dhātu √dṛś — To See (पश्यति)

धातु √दृश् — देखना (पश्यति)

An Irregular Root with a Supplementary Present Stem · Class 7-8

Key Points to Remember

▸√dṛś = to see; uses suppletive present stem "paśya-"
▸paśyati (3rd sg.) | paśyāmi (1st sg.) | paśyasi (2nd sg.)
▸Darśana (दर्शन) = vision/philosophy — from the same root √dṛś
▸Suppletive: two different roots share one paradigm (rare but important to know)

Grammar Explained

Root: √dṛś (दृश्)to see, to look, to perceivePresent (Laṭ Lakāra)

√dṛś is interesting because its present tense uses a completely different stem: "paśya-" (from a root √spaś). This is called a suppletive form. It belongs to class 1. The root also gives us "darśana" (दर्शन — vision, philosophy, seeing a deity at a temple).

Person	Singular	Dual	Plural
Prathama (3rd)	पश्यति (paśyati)	पश्यतः (paśyataḥ)	पश्यन्ति (paśyanti)
Madhyama (2nd)	पश्यसि (paśyasi)	पश्यथः (paśyathaḥ)	पश्यथ (paśyatha)
Uttama (1st)	पश्यामि (paśyāmi)	पश्यावः (paśyāvaḥ)	पश्यामः (paśyāmaḥ)

Example Sentences

बालकः चित्रम् पश्यति।

Bālakaḥ citram paśyati.

The boy sees / looks at the picture.

अहम् तारान् पश्यामि।

Aham tārān paśyāmi.

I see the stars.

त्वम् किम् पश्यसि?

Tvam kim paśyasi?

What do you see?

Exercises (2)

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in √dṛś (paśya-) forms

1. अहम् आकाशम् _______ (I see the sky).

Show answer

पश्यामि (paśyāmi)

2. सः रामायणम् _______ (He watches the Rāmāyaṇa).

Show answer

पश्यति (paśyati)

3. What does "darśana" (दर्शन) mean? Trace its connection to √dṛś.

Show answer

Darśana = vision, seeing, or a school of philosophy. From √dṛś (to see) + -ana (noun suffix) = that which is seen / the act of seeing

Exercise 2: Multiple Choice

Choose correctly

1. The present tense of √dṛś uses which stem?

A. dṛśya-B. darśaya-C. paśya-D. dṛkṣa-

Show answer

paśya-

2. "Darśana" of a deity at a temple means:

A. worshippingB. auspicious seeing / beholding the divineC. touchingD. circumambulating

Show answer

auspicious seeing / beholding the divine

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