Sanskrit to English — Beginner
संस्कृत से अंग्रेजी — प्रारंभिक
Read and Translate Sanskrit Sentences · NCERT Class 6
Key Points to Remember
- ▸Find the verb first — it tells you what action is happening
- ▸The subject (Prathamā) agrees with the verb in number
- ▸Case endings are the keys — they tell you the role of each word
- ▸Do NOT follow English word order — Sanskrit can put words in any order
Translation Practice
Reading Sanskrit sentences requires finding the verb first, then asking who performs the action (Prathamā), what is acted upon (Dvitīyā), and what other case relationships exist.
How to read a Sanskrit sentence
1. Find the verb (ends in -ti, -si, -mi, -nti, -maḥ). 2. Ask "कः / का?" for subject. 3. Ask "कम् / किम्?" for object. 4. Translate in English word order.
बालकः आम्रम् खादति।
Bālakaḥ āmram khādati.
The boy eats a mango. (verb: khādati; subject: bālakaḥ Prat.; object: āmram Dvit.)
माता शिशुम् स्नापयति।
Mātā śiśum snāpayati.
The mother bathes the child. (verb: snāpayati; subject: mātā; object: śiśum)
Exercises (2)
Exercise 1: Translation
Translate these Sanskrit sentences into English
1. रामः सीताम् पश्यति।
Hint: paśyati = sees; Sītām = object
Show answer
Rāma sees Sītā.
2. वयम् संस्कृतम् पठामः।
Hint: paṭhāmaḥ = we read/study
Show answer
We study Sanskrit.
3. माता पुत्राय फलम् ददाति।
Hint: Putrāya = Caturthī "for the son"
Show answer
Mother gives fruit to the son.
4. बालकाः विद्यालयात् आगच्छन्ति।
Hint: āgacchanti = they come; vidyālayāt = Pañcamī "from school"
Show answer
The boys come from school.
5. वने बहवः पशवः सन्ति।
Hint: vane = Saptamī "in the forest"; santi = there are; bahavaḥ paśavaḥ = many animals
Show answer
There are many animals in the forest.
Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks
Identify the vibhakti of underlined words
1. "आचार्यस्य" in "आचार्यस्य पुस्तकम्" — which vibhakti?
Show answer
षष्ठी (Ṣaṣṭhī) — "of the teacher" (genitive/possessive)
2. "विद्यालये" in "विद्यालये छात्राः सन्ति" — which vibhakti?
Show answer
सप्तमी (Saptamī) — "in the school" (locative)
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